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Compared to patients with CNP, paraplegics with no pain showed a much reduced power in relaxed state and reduced event-related desynchronization during imagination of movement.
Paraplegic patients with CNP had increased event-related desynchronization in the theta, alpha, and beta bands (16 24 Hz) during imagination of movement of both nonpainful (arms) and painful limbs (legs).
Previous studies have implicated the dopamine-innervated striatum in signaling expectations of pleasure during imagination of future life events [7].
We have recently shown that during imagination of future events, activity in the heavily dopaminergic innervated striatum tracks subjects' estimates of the expected pleasure to be derived from those events [7].
Given this set of findings, we reasoned that if dopamine modulates reward prediction, then its enhancement during imagination of future events should impact on subjective estimations of future pleasure to be derived from those events.
One possibility is that by affecting learning mechanisms, L-DOPA may strengthen this process, by affecting the association between the stimuli (e.g., "Greece") and the brief hedonic reaction generated during imagination of the pleasurable event and/or by directly affecting the signal that mediates predictive information during an act of imagination.
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Activation of the striatum during treadmill locomotion in rats [10] and during the imagination of locomotor tasks in human [11] has been reported.
Secondly, for the kinaesthetic imagery ability evaluation patients have to concentrate on the intensity of the sensations during the imagination of all movements (original instructions from the Canadian version): "Now imagine the movement, concentrate on the intensity of the sensations".
To examine if this region is also recruited during the imagination of scenarios involving disgust (compared to those without emotional valence) we extracted the signal from this ROI in the imagination condition for the 12 participants that returned to be scanned during the imagination of emotional scripts (Fig. 1b; Traditional GLM results for all three modalities are specified in Table S1).
This line of argumentation is also supported by the results of an fMRI study in which different patterns of brain activity were observed during the imagination of simple and complex movements [27].
If this is the case, the proportion of lateral matches vs mismatches during the imagination of others' actions should be different for subjects with high and low self-reported empathy.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com