These differences were confirmed only in the patients with <20 years' duration (any DR 63 vs. 27%, P = 0.005), not in those with longer duration (any DR 88 vs. 63%, P = NS).
Second, we also demonstrate that resistance among prevalent TB cases will be greater than among incident TB cases if the mean duration of DR TB disease is longer than that of DS TB disease.
As expected, if we reduce the mean duration of DR TB cases to be similar to that of DS TB cases, e.g. by instituting control programs which rapidly detect and appropriately treat DR TB, the fraction of incident cases which are resistant becomes a better proxy for the fraction of prevalent cases which are resistant (Fig. 4H).
Duration and DR vary geographically, likely from effects of weather on vector dynamics (see maps in Figure 6).
We termed such neurons "duration-recognizing" (DR) neurons.
To define "duration-recognizing" (DR) neurons and "interval-generating" (IG) neurons, we first examined whether discharge rates during the interim period and the interval-response period significantly varied among different presented intervals (2 s, 4 s, and 7 s for monkey J; 1 s and 5 s for monkey M; ANOVA, P<0.05).
Secondary end points included progression-free survival (PFS), duration of response (DR), overall survival (OS), and safety.
Secondary objectives included safety, progression-free survival (PFS), and duration of response (DR).
Secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS), calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method in the Intent to Treat Population (ITT), and duration of response (DR).
Time to tumour progression (TTP) was defined as the time to documented progression from the start of the treatment, duration of response (DR) as the time from first objective response to documented progression and overall survival (OS) was considered from the start of treatment to date of data analysis or date of loss from follow-up for patients alive.
