Besides gene duplications, alternative splicing and alterations of domain sturctures are other mechanisms capable of generating novel toxin genes [ 3].
Many different mutations including deletions, insertions, duplications, abnormal splicing, and point mutations in all the nine exons have been identified at the HPRT gene locus.
PhyloTreePruner is a phylogenetic approach used to refine orthologous groups identified in programs like OrthoMCL by removing predicted paralogs resulting from gene duplication or splice variants through single gene-tree evaluation (Kocot et al. 2013).
Previous studies have confirmed that KIT regulatory mutations including the gene duplication and splice mutation are responsible for the dominant white phenotype in pigs and have pleiotropic effects on peripheral blood cell measures in Western commercial pigs [ 23, 24].
Future studies employing functional genomics approaches will be required to define the impact of duplications or splicing variants on cell-cycle progression at the cellular level and the associated plant developmental processes at the whole-organism level.
Cis-regulatory elements, gene duplication, alternative splicing and potentially micoRNAs are the key actors in evolutionary developmental biology.
On the other hand, unlike gene duplication, alternative splicing does not lead to dramatic changes in protein concentrations.
The composition of the calcitonin family is complex due to gene duplication, alternative splicing, different nomenclature, pseudogenes and partial protein sequences.
Furthermore, we use a graph-clustering method to identify contigs linked by NEWBLER-split reads that represent divergent alleles, gene duplications, and alternatively spliced transcripts.
KIT regulatory mutations, including a gene duplication and a splice mutation that leads to the skipping of exon 17, are responsible for the dominant white phenotype in pigs [ 15].
