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Among the analyzed two duplication models and six types of mobile elements, only segmental duplication significantly contributed to expression divergence and up to 11.2% of segmentally duplicated genes were up- or downregulated by high salinity stress (fig. 9 A).
Genome duplication significantly decreased the MDA content in tetraploid rice compared to diploid cultivars subjected to salt stress, which suggests that the membrane integrity improved in the tetraploid compared to the diploid.
That is, that both tandem and segmental duplication significantly contributed to the expansion of the WRKY gene family in rice.
As shown in this figure, the support for each tandem duplication significantly decreases due to lower effective coverage as we increase the noise in the data.
In salmonid fishes, however, whole genome duplication significantly pre-dates major transitions across the family, and re-diploidization has been a gradual process between genomes that have remained essentially collinear.
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Our study indicates that genome duplications significantly contributed to the elaboration of fatty acid activation metabolism in vertebrates.
In summary, expression data from soybean, rice and Arabidopsis demonstrate that tandem and segmental duplications significantly contribute to gene expression divergence under various biotic and abiotic stresses.
In D. pseudoobscura only, the observed counts of A→, X→, and neo-X→ DNA duplications significantly differ from the expected counts (Gadj = 18.1, P < 0.0005) because of an excess of neo-X→ DNA duplications.
The observed counts of A→, X→, and neo-X→ retroposed duplications significantly differ from the expected counts in both D. pseudoobscura (Gadj = 16.6, P < 0.0005) and D. willistoni (Gadj = 16.0, P < 0.0005) because of an excess of X→ and neo-X→ retroposed genes.
Our study of the organization of CAD genes showed that chromosome duplications contributed significantly to the duplication of CAD genes in the Populus genome.
In our analysis, we found that a high proportion of WRKY III genes are distributed in duplicated blocks, suggesting that large-scale duplication contributed significantly to the expansion of the WRKY III gene family.
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