In recent months, it acquired the CBS/Fox and TapeTech duplication plants in London.
Due to repetitive genome duplications, plants are likely to harbor relatively larger gene families, as compared to animal genomes [ 10].
Examination of the phylogeny of Clade 2 clearly illustrates the importance of genome duplication during plant evolution [ 110- 112]; plant species tend to encode gene pairs.
The significance of MST gene duplication on plant life cycle evolution remains to be revealed through appropriate empirical studies.
The assembly of ESTs is a computationally and biologically challenging problem, especially in light of the high frequency of duplication in plant genomes, and the not infrequent occurrence of alternative splicing [ 30].
K: Lysine; ML: Maximum likelihood; BI: Bayesian inference; NJ: Neighbour-Joining; Mya: Million years ago; WGD: Whole-genome duplication; PGDD: Plant genome duplication database; TF: Transcriptional factor; EST: Expressed sequence tag; NCBI Nationall center for biotechnology Information; UTR: Untranslated region; K s: Synonymous substitutions rate: K a: Non-synonymous substitution rate.
While gene shuffling following duplication in plants (through massive deletions or neo/subfunctionalization of duplicates, Pont et al. 2011; Adams and Wendel 2005) drives genome remodeling, animals have more splice variants to add variation to the proteome with a large proportion of human ones associated to genetic disorders (Barash et al. 2010).
Gene duplication in plants often leads to the evolution of new chemotypes particularly in polyploid plants.
Panchy, N., Lehti-Shiu, M. & Shiu, S. H. Evolution of gene duplication in plants.
Second, the only bryophyte for which a significant amount of data is available, Physcomitrella patens, contains a relatively large number of RBR genes, bearing lineage-specific duplications of Plant II and Ariadne RBRs, but, as already indicated above, lacking helicase RBRs.
