The mean ratio over all 270 orthologs for each lineage was applied as a relative rate correction to the Ks values for their respective taxa, and one-sided Mann–Whitney U tests of the rate-corrected duplication distributions and the distribution of ortholog divergences were used to assess if duplications occurred after lineage divergence.
Both the retrograde and patchwork theories attempt to explain the evolution of metabolic networks based on gene and operon duplication linking distribution of genes on the chromosome which may be affected by rearrangements and consequently on the structure of the metabolic network [ 12].
In countless arenas this phenomenon of duplication and distribution enables the best performers to serve ever broader markets.
Strictly applied, the term mitosis is used to describe the duplication and distribution of chromosomes, the structures that carry the genetic information.
With these efforts, the frequency of illegal recapturing has decreased; however, the very nature of the digitalized content allows one successful recapture in any theater in the world to become significant through duplication and distribution of the recaptured video.
If a genome has undergone a recent whole genome duplication, the distribution of Ks values computed between the genome and itself will show a peak whose Ks value is an estimate of the evolutionary distance between the homeologs.
"There is huge duplication of bureaucracy, manufacturing and distribution capacity.
a. Distribution and duplication of EUL genes in the Oryza sativa subsp. japonica genome.
It should be noticed that, for performance reasons, including data access delay and robustness, data may be stored at different locations by CSP and users are aware of the distribution or duplication of their data.
In the case of crossover hotspots, if they happen to fall inside duplications, the distribution of variation within these regions might be altered, with a strong dependence on the hotspot location.
