Classical models of gene duplication make the key assumption that duplicated genes originate structurally and functionally redundant to the ancestral copy.
Costless duplication made Napster possible and a music revolution thinkable.
Perfect duplication made the modern world and modern music.
"That it was a human-specific gene duplication made it very exciting," Huttner says.
Gene duplication makes three subtypes of KIF5: KIF5B, KIF5B, and KIF5C [ 44, 48, 49].
Duplication makes extra gene copies available for dosage effects, subfunctionalization, or neofunctionaliztion [ 17], with the resultant phenotype potentially contributing to an organism's fitness (for review see [ 18]).
However, as described below, in tandem duplication made an important contribution to the evolution of EUL genes in grasses (and perhaps in other monocots as well).
However, by demonstrating considerable gene retention and structural divergence, this study has established that the duplication made a significant contribution to the genomic repertoire of T. brucei, relative to other trypanosomatids, and was a seminal development in its genomic evolution.
Not only did this effectively linearize a connected interdependent network (as demonstrated in Figure 1), the duplication made multiple additional pools of nucleotide triphosphate available for use in the reaction system, which has major implications.
The name "novel genes" would be justified because the exceptionally fast rates in their initial stages, just after the duplication, made them unrecognizable from the sequence point of view and determine their point of birth from a functional perspective.
