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The ZEP genes are also duplicated and again this duplication likely occurred before the secondary endosymbiotic event.
Similarly, genes that are retained in duplicate for prolonged periods of time (like duplicates retained from the α and βγ WGD) or that can tolerate tandem duplication, likely experience different selective pressures from single-copy genes (Maere et al. 2005; Li et al. 2016), and could also exhibit different expression noise distributions than other genes.
Such a genome-wide duplication likely helped shape these species into the tallest, hardiest plants in the world and are causing biologists to rewrite the history of gymnosperms, the group of plants that includes conifers and other nonflowering, seed-producing plants.
This duplication likely represents the grass whole genome duplication event [35], [36].
Again, confirmation of paternity and maternity indicated that the duplication likely arose de novo.
Confirmation of paternity and maternity by microsatellite markers indicated that the duplication likely arose de novo.
Similar(37)
Analyses of the assembly indicate that two whole-genome duplications likely occurred before the divergence of ancestral lamprey and gnathostome lineages.
However, the increase in number of members is unlikely to have been solely due to the WGDs and additional gene duplications likely contributed to the generation of the current diversity of protein members of the p120 family observed today.
These duplications likely occurred prior to the diversification of the hyopneumoniae group (Additional file 24).
This synchrony of parallel gene duplications likely resulted from polyploidy and gene retention for the 10 major groups in the family.
Taken together, this suggests that tandem and segmental duplications likely played an important role in the expansion of the AP family in plants.
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