Sentence examples for duplication exists from inspiring English sources

To account for new genes, needed for the evolution of complexity, it was added that whole gene duplication exists [ 117].

An independent duplication exists in Danio rerio (zebra fish), designated Suv39h1a and Suv39h1b by us, which cannot be found in other teleosts as Oryzias, Tetraodon and Takifugu.

But now we must assume that we are lucky enough that the genetic system is constructed in such way that gene duplication exists, but that this extraordinarily important machinery of gene duplication [ 118] must be applied here and there by chance.

Numerous unrelated instances of recent whole genome duplication exist in nature, presenting many independent origins of autopolyploid species (formed by doubling of the ancestral genome) and allopolyploid species (formed by hybridization of closely related genomes, followed by doubling).

Genome assembly will be especially complicated in cultivated oat, where partial homoeology, numerous chromosomal rearrangements, and cis- and trans- sequence duplication exist within the genome.

Several long duplications exist within the mt IGR of Vaceletia.

Duplications exist in other genes responsible for cell division, cell-cycle regulation and sexual differentiation; others remain un-annotated [ 59].

Taken together, this implies that low tandem and high segmental duplications existed in VvWRKY genes, which is in consistent with the results in Arabidopsis.

Investigation of duplications (illustrated by the Ks peak <0.5, corresponding to <38 Ma) in grass evolution established that inter- and intrachromosomal single gene duplications exist independently from WGD events as random shuffling events.

Evidence for older (>100 Mya) large scale-duplications exist, however, the frequency and precise timing of polyploidizations remains to be resolved and is a focus of current research [ 45, 47- 50, 65, 66].

Third, the genomes of the two species are essentially collinear with no gross chromosomal rearrangements and no reciprocal translocation; only four inversions and three segmental duplications exist (Kellis et al. 2003).