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The presence of orthologs in monocots, such as OsWOX3B in rice, which root outside NS/PRS branching, indicated the occurrence of duplication after the separation of monocot and dicot species (Nardmann et al.[2007]).[2007]
The clade expansion seems to be the result of gene duplication after speciation.
In contrast, only 32.2 37.5% of the nGPCR inventory in tetrapods evolved from gene duplication after the separation from teleosts.
In addition, we observed prevention of hepatocyte apoptosis and inhibition of bile duct duplication after MSC-CM treatment.
The addition of nocodazole strongly inhibited centriole duplication after CAP350 depletion but not after FOP depletion (Figure 2B).
This suggests that TEM1 and TEM2, with two RAV genes, may have originated by gene duplication after the monocot/dicot divergence.
These singleton genes could have experienced tandem duplication after their ancestral duplications or could have been derived from a member in the cluster through transpositional duplication.
This situation is reminiscent of non-primate mammals and indicates that either boule or dazl has undergone no or rare additional gene duplication after fish-tetrapod separation.
The tree indicates that the elevated number of PP2c-type PPs in S. cellulosum is mostly the result of gene duplication after speciation.
Based on the phylogeny and the synteny it seems plausible that the two P. infestans specific sPLD-like-B clades arose by gene duplication after emergence of the species infestans.
The genes in the same cluster showed more similarity to each other (Fig. S1), suggesting that the genes in the cluster had been derived from tandem duplication after the whole genome duplication.
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