Exact(4)
In order to avoid duplicate samplings, we took dorsal and head pattern pictures (dorsal and lateral view) for each specimen.
The difference between normal and preneoplastic cell types goes beyond the range of differences observed for duplicate samplings of normal epithelium (Fig. 4), and is ascribed to the stable modification brought about by the transformation process.
The time-span between samples was 1-3 months, as they were taken during regular outpatients follow-up visits, with lipid-lowering drugs neither prescribed, introduced, switched nor titrated between duplicate samplings.
To determine the biological reproducibility over time of the gene expression profiles in these 1880 probes, we assessed the within monkey versus between monkey (between duplicate samplings) variance, including sex as a fixed effect in the model.
Similar(56)
Imprecision estimates for these measurements were larger (10 25%) than those for PM2.5 (≤ 2%), likely because of the lack of true duplicate sampling for these pollutants and also the inherently greater imprecision of passive sampling methods for the gases.
The two highest predicted doses (2.3 and 0.44 μg/kg/day) were associated with the two 24-hr duplicate food samplings that contained 350 and 12 ng/g CPF, respectively.
One major drawback associated with over-sampling is that learning on duplicated samples can lead to overfitting [ 14].
The cross-validation strategy applied was a 1000 times random selection of a 25% subset sampling (that are 12 samples, corresponding to 6 duplicates out of 24 duplicated samples) and calculation of the r correlation coefficient for each gene-probeset pair in such 1000 samplings.
Each sample was scanned in duplicate from two separate samplings and the duplicate spectra averaged.
Extracts were sampled on days 2, 6, 7, 10, and 12. Duplicate 13C-HSQC spectra were recorded on each of the five sampling days to detect and identify metabolites.
[17, 22] introduced the first particle filters and smoothers for state-space models by combining importance sampling steps to propagate particles with resampling steps to duplicate or discard particles according to their importance weights.
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