Of course, what we really have here is a tight circle that puts on display how the expressions "intrinsic", "perfect duplicate", and "perfectly natural" can be interdefined, with the help of the modal notion of metaphysical possibility.
Tatarsky is versed, among other things, in the mysteries of the Institute of Apiculture (where a virtual-reality system can perfectly duplicate politicians), Buddhist ways of watching television and, latterly, a crash course in Egyptian mythology.
In 1976, he created the first machine capable of reading books to the blind, and less than a decade later he built the K250: the first music synthesizer to nigh-on perfectly duplicate the sound of a grand piano.
"You were somehow able to perfectly duplicate exactly what he did," she says.
The model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) resembles many pathological features of RA, and although, it does not perfectly duplicate the human disease, it has helped to validate TNFα as a therapeutic target for RA [ 18].
Don't try to perfectly duplicate anything.
This approval pathway differs from that of generic small-molecule drugs because biologics are too complex to be perfectly duplicated, and follows a process designed to demonstrate that any differences between the biosimilar and its reference product have no significant impact on safety and efficacy.
Although no model perfectly duplicates the condition of human RA, they are easily reproducible, well defined, and have proven useful for development of new therapies for arthritis, as exemplified by cytokine-blockade therapies.
However, the recently sequenced genome of the obligate whitefly endosymbiont Portiera revealed features that distinguish it from other ancient insect associates, such as a low gene density and the presence of perfectly duplicated sequences.
In particular, the genome of this species (Candidatus Portiera aleyrodidarum, hereafter referred to as Portiera) contained two pairs of perfectly duplicated dispersed repeats (172 and 349 bp) and exhibited unusually large intergenic regions, with intact gene sequences accounting for only 69.4% of the genome.
Then each sequence file was compressed by (a) removing (duplicate) reads with a perfectly identical copy in the same individual, and (b) noting the number of read copies in the FASTA comment, together with the individual identifier (corresponding to the MID tag pair).
