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The bias is true both for genes with a retained duplicate from the whole genome duplication, and singletons whose duplicate copies have been deleted.
In the range finding tests, analytical samples were collected in duplicate from the test concentrations at −24, 0, 24 and 96 h to assess stability.
To find out how the duplicate evolved, the researchers created nine designer mutant proteins, each with one of the nine amino acid changes that separate the duplicate from the original.
Measurements were taken in duplicate from the centre of the osteochondral defect, and at a distance of 1 mm from the original edge of the created osteochondral defect at the 12, 3, 6, and 9 o'clock positions, using a handheld digital durometer (Shore S1, M scale, Instron Ltd ,UK).
Astaxanthin content of the minced fillets was determined in duplicate from the lipid extracts of the fish meat using an Agilent 1100 series HPLC (Agilent Technologies, Palo Alto, CA), equipped with a UV diode array detector.
Total RNA was isolated in duplicate from the parental RH strain, from mutant 88A5, or from a genetically rescued 88A5 clone (88A5-C) all cultured for 24 h at the permissive (34°C) or non-permissive (40°C) temperatures.
Similar(27)
Subsequently SSTR2, -3 and - 5 conserved duplicates from the teleost-specific whole genome duplication, 3R.
Regardless of the type of gene duplication event, all paralogous genes were likely duplicated from the same ancestral gene [ 37].
Zebrafish duplicates from the much older teleost genome duplication show near-saturation at the synonymous codon positions [ 27, 30].
These more ancient duplicated blocks must be identified and removed from genomic comparisons aimed at identifying duplicates from the more recent tetraploidy shared by all grasses.
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