Sentence examples for duplicate evolution from inspiring English sources

A complex mixture of changing selective constraints over evolutionary time may therefore be a realistic alternative to simple models of gene duplicate evolution.

The earliest studies found paralogs to exhibit uniform/symmetrical rates of molecular evolution [ 25- 27], which was initially taken as evidence against Ohno's model of gene duplicate evolution.

This implies that a substantial fraction of gene duplicates may not meet the standard of functional equivalency at birth, an integral component of Ohno's model for gene duplicate evolution and diversification [ 14].

Assessment across a greater phylogenetic range of cichlid radiations will identify consistent patterns of gene duplication correlated with radiated and non-radiated lineages, and comparative sequence analysis will reveal the potential contribution of natural selection to gene duplicate evolution.

At the simplest level, widely-cited models of gene duplicate evolution predict that the altered functional fates of paralogs are expected to manifest as asymmetric rates of molecular evolution given the expected correlation between sequence and functional divergence [ 14, 15], a correlation that has been borne out by recent studies [ 16- 23].

Current knowledge suggests that this enhanced diversifiability played two roles in duplicate gene evolution – functional innovation and, at the same time, alleviation of the gene-dosage evolution constrain.

Molecular signs of neofunctionalization of protein structure may include a higher Ka/Ks ratio in early than in later stages of duplicate gene evolution, a higher frequency of radical amino acid changes in early than in later stages of duplicate gene evolution, and/or significantly different rates of nonsynonymous substitution between paralogs.

Some of such copies have been retained in duplicate through evolution [8].

Because of a round of genome duplication occurred at the base of teleosts radiation, several zebrafish genes have been retained in duplicate through evolution.

The second phase of duplicate gene evolution is hybridization.

This permits the testing of alternative evolutionary scenarios of duplicate gene evolution.