Sentence examples for duplicate contributes from inspiring English sources

If Substance contains a number of duplicates of a structure, each duplicate contributes to the atom environment incidence; however, this redundancy is not present in Compound, as it contains only unique structures in terms of valence bond structure representations as normalized by PubChem.

Buffering by duplicates contributes to robustness in several organisms, but to a small extent – and the relatively large amount of buffering by duplicates observed in yeast and worm may be largely specific to these organisms.

In addition, the high rate of innovation in acquiring abilities to respond to stress in C. reinhardtii duplicates contributes to a highly diverse stress responsive gene repertoire that can potentially be adaptive.

Selection probably does continue to operate on the products of gene duplication but only in cases when the duplicates contribute substantially to organismic fitness.

In nine of the eleven organisms, duplicates contribute significantly and positively to survival (P-value ≤ 0.05); with contributions ranging from 1 to 13% (Table 1, Figure 2).

In contrast, if duplicates contribute to survival upon gene loss, then this effect should be detectable irrespective of the number of essential and non-essential genes identified (provided that the selection is unbiased).

To determine to what degree tandem duplication contributes to the clustering of testis-specific co-expressed genes, we analyzed cluster distribution after removal of duplicated genes.

However, the role and magnitude of the duplicate genes contributing to genetic robustness in mammals remain controversial [ 8– 13].

Thus, duplicate genes contribute to genetic robustness mainly by preserving compensation of severe phenotypic effects in the A. thaliana genome.

Taken together, we conclude that duplicate genes contribute to genetic robustness mainly by preserving compensation for severe phenotypic effects in A. thaliana.

Such a postulate would be consistent with Hanada et al. (2009), who suggest that duplicate genes contribute to genome robustness and protect the plant from severe phenotypes.