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The data presented represent the average values of duplicate analyses.
Results were based on duplicate analyses conducted for each sub-sample.
Limited sample mass precluded duplicate analyses of most of the solid-phase tests.
Duplicate analyses were conducted and relative standard deviation (RSD) on peak area of 0.14% was calculated.
No duplicate analyses were made for batch 2, and instrument errors are smaller than the marker size.
Error bars for batch 1 represent duplicate analyses and are smaller than the marker size where unseen.
In addition, duplicate analyses were used, i.e., measure each sample twice under the same conditions to remove any errors during chemical analysis and to remove any personal errors.
δ18OSO4 error bars (±1σ) are shown for all data-points with duplicate analyses and represent the standard deviation of the duplicates.
Confidence in the analytical results was gained by testing the central tendency and dispersion in CRM and method-duplicate errors; the relevant techniques and results are included in the Additional file 1 (Section: "Statistical validation of CRM and duplicate analyses").
The accuracy and precision of the AAS analytical method were validated by duplicate analyses of AA standard: Ultra Scientific Analytical Solution, a standard reference material, Matrix water with dilute 2% HNO3.
The isotopic compositions of Y-980115 and ALHA77003 were obtained using EA/IRMS in this study aData from this study were the average of duplicate analyses (n = 2) bData were previously reported by Kerridge (1985) and references therein.
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