Coking of catalysts generally occurs due to cracking products.
Fracture mechanics models were used to quantify the observed crack-tip shielding due to crack-bridging.
The plastic deformation can accumulate, called ratcheting, and can ultimately lead to failure due to cracking.
A 100% Co Cr Mo transition from Ti 6Al 4V was difficult to produce due to cracking.
This design concept results in increased fracture toughness due to crack branching and deflection.
Large structures of massive concrete are an engineering problem due to cracking created by thermal stresses.
Rail failures can occur due to crack growth in the rails.
As shown in Figure 3, catalytic upgrading reduced the amount of oxygenates due to cracking by the catalysts.
where U0 is the strain energy of the uncracked shaft and Uc is the strain energy due to crack.
In this paper small crack effects due to crack bridging are addressed.
Flexible microfabricated devices that use thin film or solid electrical components are susceptible to failure due to cracking and fatigue.
