In the laboratory system, zones with forward and reserve flow occurred in the sediment due to the conduit bends.
They correspond to the dissipation in the flow field or, in a more general sense, to the entropy generation due to the conduit component under consideration.
We hypothesized that the percentage of LV stroke volume due to atrial conduit volume (LACV), as assessed using 3D-echocardiography, can differentiate among progressive degrees of DD in HF patients.
The ECs of large artery display a well-developed system of tight junctions due to their conduit function and their exposure to high rates of pulsatile blood flow, whereas in the arterioles the junctions are tighter with respect to capillaries and are quite loose in venules [ 3].
The detection of variations of the rock density at shallow depths, like those due to lava conduits or dykes, calls for an improvement of the measurement resolution by one order of magnitude.
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In the case of small conduit size, gas efflux is accelerated to the interconduit spaces due to the large conduit surface area relative to conduit volume, i.e. the dissolved gas is on average closer to the conduit surface in the small conduit.
The difference between the 2011 Shinmoe-dake eruption without precursory tilt changes and earthquakes and the Izu-Oshima fissure eruption, and the Izu-Tobu, and Miyakejima eruptions are probably due to whether a conduit exists or not.
Due to the small conduit dimensions the flow is usually laminar and the extent of the chemical reactions is governed by the slow diffusive mass transfer, which in turn is controlled by the extent of mixing.
According to the concept of "field cancerization", factors such as an exposure to carcinogens induce a field of mucosa more susceptible to tumor formation and, due to the common conduit connecting the upper aero-digestive tract, this is believed to elevate epithelial cancer risk through the head and neck, lung and oesophagus [ 31- 33].
