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The radiators were housed in a new radiator-duct designed by Fredrick Meredith of the RAE at Farnborough; this used the cooling air to generate thrust, greatly reducing the net drag produced by the radiators.
This article describes the features and operation of a new duct design software tool.
The implication of higher supply air flow rates on duct design is qualitatively discussed.
As far as the authors are aware no commercial duct design software package incorporates optimisation techniques.
Nevertheless, the layout is not explicitly taken into account in existing duct design methods.
Conventional duct design methods either fail to achieve pressure equilibrium or offer poor control of flow velocity or duct diameter.
Engine performance of modern engines depends on requirements of accessories, engine size, inlet and duct design, air conditioning system compressor, hydraulic pumps power, alternators power, inlet and exhaust duct losses,..
The influence of duct design on the flow characteristics, as well as the blade and duct forces in model and full scale conditions, has been studied using three ducts of different design- two standard ducts, Duct 19A and Duct 37, and an innovative duct concept InnoDuct10, which is proposed by Rolls-Royce and belongs to the group of so-called high-efficiency ducts.
These results widened the understanding of the swirl fluid-dynamics and suggested that care must be taken when comparing duct designs having no geometrical similarity.
An example of alkaline gas exhaust system is provided to understand the characteristics of DPM and to compare with the conventional duct design methods.
It demonstrates that the new duct design method contains a simple computation procedure and considers the pressure equilibrium under certain limits on space or flow velocity.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
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