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The trajectory of the dual use pattern among adults or children is unclear, but studies of youth find that as many as one third of youth who use e-cigarettes have never smoked a conventional cigarette.
29 34 Furthermore, our results show that current and ever e-cigarette use was predominant among current smokers, indicating a dual use pattern, and that there were very low levels of satisfaction with e-cigarettes.
In a recent Norwegian study of males aged 16 74 years, dual use of snus and cigarettes was low (1%) 4; however, US data indicate that dual use is most common among adolescents and young adults 31, and that this dual use pattern may be increasing 32.
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27 28 According to our data, we likewise found a high percentage (75%) of current e-cigarette users exhibiting dual use patterns with conventional tobacco.
Although some cite a desire to quit smoking by using the e-cigarette, other common reasons for using the products are to circumvent smoke-free laws and to cut down on conventional cigarettes, which may reinforce dual use patterns and delay or deter quitting.
The dual mode use patterns compared to the base case house, for all the user possibilities, had improved performances of 17 52%, when compared to the free-running mode and 66 98% when compared to the conditioned mode.
Dual-medication and/or supplement use pattern information is represented in Table 3.
The current study further substantiates these findings by showing that, apart from bidi smoking, the SLT and dual use also follow the same pattern.
The source of recommendation of same time dual-medication and/or supplement use is reported in Table 4. Two participants reported 2 distinct patterns of dual use, resulting in fifteen participants reporting 17 dual-use combinations.
Dual use followed more closely the social patterns of smoking than of exclusive snus use.
Dual use with conventional cigarettes is the predominant pattern of e-cigarette use: 61% in US middle school students and 80% among US high school students in 2011.
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