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Despite continuing advances in treatment options, 30% of patients remain drug refractory.
Surgical treatment consists of excision or liposuction of the painful masses in drug refractory cases [6].
Adiposis dolorosa of scalp may present with drug refractory localized headache.
Indications included patient's preference (67.3%), drug refractory SVT (31.5%) and malignant arrhythmias (1.2%).
We believe that it may be considered by a pain clinician when the drug refractory intractable pain is confined along a specific superficial sensory nerve territory.
In those with drug refractory focal epilepsy, MR imaging is important for identifying structural causes of seizures that may be amenable to surgical treatment.
Similar(40)
The limited response of malignant melanoma to chemotherapy is apparently due to the inherent drug refractory-nature of this disease (Ichihashi and Kitajima, 2001; Colone et al, 2008).
Together, these results suggest that high-dose PDE5i could play a role in salvage therapy for multi-drug refractory PAH, realized by taking the PDE5 inhibitors, sildenafil and tadalafil, at the maximum approved dose.
Invasive neurostimulation methods were found effective in drug-refractory headaches.
Invasive Occipital Nerve Stimulation (iONS) is a costly technique which appears effective in drug-refractory chronic cluster headache (drCCH) management.
Empiric circumferential pulmonary vein isolation (CPVI) has become the therapy of choice for drug-refractory atrial fibrillation (AF).
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