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We conclude that inflammation is an important malleable driver of ageing up to extreme old age in humans.
Given that inflammation and telomere-dependent cell senescence can drive each other thus causing accelerated ageing (Jurk et al., 2014, Tchkonia et al., 2013), we were surprised to find evidence for inflammation as driver of ageing up to (semi- supercentenarians, while telomere length/cell semi- supercentenariansr predictive for successful ageing once longevity had been achieved.
Recently, it has been proposed that the main driver of ageing is TOR signaling rather than ROS [ 34].
Importantly, systemic activation of the major pro-inflammatory transcription factor NF-κB in the absence of any other genetic or environmental factor is sufficient to accelerate ageing in mice, suggesting that chronic enhancement of pro-inflammatory mediators is not just a bystander but a driver of ageing (Jurk et al., 2014).
Despite these limitations, our study showed that over a very wide age range from 45 to 115 years, including unprecedentedly large numbers of the extremely old, inflammation is an important driver of ageing that might be amenable to future pharmacological intervention.
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CD33rSiglecs counteract random molecular damage, which is the main driver of aging.
Our model suggests why these interventions and mutations have a lifespan-extending effect in a broad spectrum of organisms, namely because protein biogenesis machinery is itself a driver of aging.
The DNA damage response (DDR) is a complex signal transduction pathway that is essential for preserving genomic DNA and acts as part of an antitumourigenesis barrier (Jackson & Bartek, 2009) as well as being a critical driver of aging (Passos et al., 2009).
Cellular or replicative senescence, associated with telomere shortening, is considered as one of the most important drivers of aging [ 1].
Is it a response to stress caused by unknown drivers of aging or is PQM-1 itself one of those drivers?
Genomic instability due to accumulation of stochastic damage in DNA over time [ 16- 28] causing cell death and cellular senescence is believed to be one of the drivers of aging [ 29- 43].
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