"People drove livestock down from the hinterland and the slaughterhouse was behind the Bowery.
There are two varieties of collie: the rough-coated, originally used to guard and herd sheep, and the smooth-coated, used mainly to drive livestock to market.
This spectacular ride follows part of the old route of the local Atacameno cowboys who drove livestock from the Argentine Chaco, more than 1,000km away, through the San Pedro de Atacama oasis and on to the saltpetre mines in northern Chile during the last century.
It was also possible to drive livestock over Lolo Pass on the north side of Mount Hood, but that trail was too rugged for vehicles and unsuitable for wagons.
This type of canine is used today as catch dogs to hunt and drive livestock, to gather semi-wild hogs and cattle, and as family companions.
Part of the state's tradition of cowboys is derived from the massive cattle drives which its ranchers organized in the nineteenth century to drive livestock to railroads and markets in Kansas, for shipment to the East.
On top of that, some 30,000 sheep and 4,000 cattle were driven to livestock markets through London every week, sometimes leaving the streets so treacherous that horses and people slipped over.
The north of France and virtually the whole of Belgium had been occupied for four years by German soldiers who had driven off livestock, plundered factories and mines, and taken citizens to Germany for forced labor.
Agriculture is overwhelmingly the biggest cause of global deforestation (image, below), driven by livestock and growing Western demand for food commodities like palm oil.
The health of Mongolian herders is also influenced by their mobility, including seasonal migration, (Mocellin and Foggin 2008) often driven by livestock as herders seek better pastures or water (Miao et al. 2016).
