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A 30,000 horsepower engine on a ship floating above the well is pressure-pouring heavy liquids known in the oil business as "drilling mud" or "kill mud" down through drill pipes and hoses attached to the five-story-high blowout preventer sitting on top of the well.
These are the valves that seal drill pipes to prevent explosions a precaution that conspicuously failed on the Deepwater Horizon.
After days of delays and testing — and the weighing of several options — BP began shooting as much as 50,000 barrels of heavy drilling fluids into the drill pipes and hoses above the well at 1 p.m. Central time.
Even with waves crashing against the keel, the rig could steady itself for the precision work of sending drill pipes more than six miles down, dead straight, through the ocean floor and deep into the earth's crust.
THOUSANDS of tonnes of drill pipes are neatly stacked in a yard at Mtwara port in southern Tanzania, waiting to be loaded onto vessels supplying gas rigs 100km (60 miles) offshore.
Drill pipes.
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Cut drill pipe was found inside the blowout preventer, suggesting to investigators that its shear rams, which are supposed to cut through drill pipe and form a seal, at least partly closed at some point.
The power source for the turbodrill is the mud pump, which forces mud through the drill pipe to the turbine.
In most cases, the drill pipe also transmits the rotary motion to the bit from a turntable at the surface.
The company has taken extra measures to seal the drill pipe from water-bearing rock, Mr. Vaughan said.
In order to help maintain a vertical well bore, the drill pipe above the collars is usually kept in tension.
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