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The drift tolerance Δ is simply the maximum tolerated drift angle: For vector-orienting migrants, the transport cost is the mechanical energy expenditure per unit distance travelled along the preferred direction: where P Va) represents the required power to fly at that airspeed (Pennycuick 2008).
The radar analysis was consistent with both partial compensation and a drift tolerance of approximately 20°.
The limiting case of zero drift tolerance (Δ = 0°) of course represents full compensation.
However, whereas arrival probabilities among FD populations decreased rapidly to zero as the drift tolerance approached zero, arrival probabilities among PC1 and PC2 populations were highest for zero drift tolerance, that is, full compensation.
The disadvantageous effect of high drift tolerance on arrival probability can also be seen in trajectories of modeled individual migrants.
The detected peaks of all the samples were then aligned together with a drift tolerance threshold of ±1 m/ z.
Similar(47)
As expected, arrival probabilities were highest with low drift tolerances (Δ < 20°).
With drift tolerances exceeding 30°, arrival probabilities were similar for all three airborne behaviors.
Although arrival probabilities were high for populations with low drift tolerances, they were relatively low with negative transport cost tolerance (ε<0) for all three airborne behaviors.
Furthermore, PC populations exhibited close to maximal arrival probabilities for a broader range of drift tolerances than FD populations (e.g. >0.45 for Δ~0° 20° vs. 10° 15° with FD).
Individuals with drift tolerances of Δ = 45° clearly exhibit deviations within and between years beyond those observed for this migratory population (Hedenström and Pettersson 1987).
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