The electrical engineer foresaw a myriad of applications for his invention: powering high-definition televisions, drawing quick blood samples for doctors and, most promisingly, transmitting torrents of data over fiber-optic cables.
MedImmune's ads, critics say, make it harder for doctors to draw these distinctions when dealing with the parents of any premature baby.
In other words, there is no line in the sand on alcohol in pregnancy – and it will be impossible for judges, any more than it is for doctors, to draw one.
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Dr. Portenoy, the chairman of the pain medicine department at Beth Israel Medical Center, was one of the researchers who worked with the D.E.A. four years ago to draw up guidelines on pain medication for doctors and law enforcement officials.
One proposal being drawn up would require regular skills tests for doctors who read mammograms.
New government jobs for doctors, teachers and public administrators helped to draw in others.
The traps should pique the curiosity of passers-by and draw them into the exhibit, said Stephanie Davies, director of public education for Doctors Without Borders.
In the UK, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (Nice) drew up its own list of "do not do" guidance for doctors.
