Differences among streams can be qualitatively attributed to differences in CPOM contributions from litter fall, from the presence of large woody debris, its grinding into CPOM sized particles by gravel cobble bedload transport, hillslope connectivity, drainage density, and biological consumption.
In terms of trapping, it was found that residual NW phase trapping is dependent on initial (i.e. post-drainage) NW phase connectivity as well as imbibition capillary number for the Bentheimer sandstone.
In addition, we further develop the relationship between initial (post-drainage) NW phase connectivity and residual (post-imbibition) trapped NW phase saturation, while also taking into account initial NW phase saturation and imbibition capillary number.
Cultivated hillslopes and urban environments no longer have natural gradients, and surface channel networks have a greater drainage density, resulting in connectivity patterns that are more complex relative to natural connectivity patterns on undisturbed hillslopes (Hallema and Moussa, 2014).
They are organized into drainage networks, and hydrologic connectivity of the drainage network is important to maintaining the biological integrity of a stream.
The results suggested that critical slope(s) could exist, at which a sharp change in flow drainage area and hydrologic connectivity occurred.
SfM photogrammetry enables mapping of important hydrological features, such as creeks carrying drainage from upland watersheds or connectivity of ponds on the wetland surface.
While the local effects of beaver dams on streams are well understood, broader coverage network models that predict where beaver dams can be built and highlight their impacts on connectivity across diverse drainage networks are lacking.
Glaciation cycle-mediated changes in sea level and precipitation may be expected to produce changing levels of connectivity between adjacent drainages for populations of Dallia, which depend on highly connected coastal plain or wetland hydrological networks to move between adjacent river drainages.
Recent recognition that stream-breeding amphibians can disperse hundreds of meters into uplands implies that connectivity among neighboring drainages may be important to their population structures and dynamics.
