Elegant studies by Norman, et al., demonstrated, using intravital microscopy, that a non-infectious strain of B. burgdorferi lacking BBK32, among other lipoproteins (VlsE, OspF, Erpl, and ErpK), had fewer transient interactions, dragging interactions, and stationary adhesions per minute with the endothelium in a live murine infection model.
BBK32-fibronectin binding is required for tethering interactions and BBK32-glycosaminoglycan (GAG) binding is involved in dragging interactions (Moriarty et al., 2012).
Tethering interactions are brief contacts between the spirochete and the lumen of the vessel, taking less than 1 s to traverse 100 μm along the vessel wall, whereas dragging interactions are defined as a longer contact, 3 20 s to traverse 100 μm along the vessel wall, with the length of the spirochete generally contacting the vessel wall (Norman et al., 2008; Moriarty et al., 2012).
The CME will be decelerated due to drag interaction with the high density slow solar wind in its propagation path.
In addition, Jones et al. (2013) demonstrate that the longitudinally varying ionosphere can, through ion drag interactions involving the DW1 (migrating or Sun-synchronous) wind field excited in situ in the thermosphere, produce significant D0 and DW2 tidal components during non-solar-minimum conditions.
Three types of interactions within the microvasculature, designated tethering, dragging and stationary interactions, have been identified and modelled (Norman et al., 2008; Moriarty et al., 2012).
As discussed before, when x increases from 30 Å to 60 Å, H ex increases gradually, which implies the NiFe/IrMn coupling drag interaction.
"What Heather and I did was to take a haptic camera a touch-based camera and a swatch of material, and record ten seconds of interaction, dragging the tool back and forth, fast and then slow, light and then heavy," she explains.
I know I'm pretty well alone here, but all the glossy avatars and video and social networks conceal a trivialization of interaction, dragging it down to the level of single-sentence grunts, flirtation and ROTFL [rolling on the floor laughing], at a time when we need discussion and argument to be more effective than ever.
But there's a catch: Dragged down by interactions with the metal and the insulator, most surface plasmons wane within a few micrometers--too short a distance to make them useful.
Although AutoTutor measures mastery of KCs and topics through natural language in ElectronixTutor, AutoTutor also has the capacity to accommodate student actions that involve clicking, dragging, dropping, toggling, and even interactions in virtual worlds (Cai et al. 2015; Zapata-Rivera et al. 2015).
