Sentence examples for downwards effect from inspiring English sources

The larger share of branded drugs in European drug shortages may be explained by international reference pricing applied in a number of European countries, proposed to have a downwards effect on prices for branded products [ 20].

Draw a line under the eye connecting the two so your eyes are surrounded with a cat eye at the outside corners and like a downwards pointed effect at the inside corners.

This seems to have contributed to pass rates at most grades drifting downwards, although any effect will have been ameliorated by the exams watchdog Ofqual's "ethical commitment" to keeping results consistent from year to year.

As these breaks do not happen at random and their occurrence is probably correlated with our track variable, this might bias the estimated effect downwards.

Thus, the inclusion of these two types of contracts in our sample may bias downwards the negative effect of holding temporary contracts on the probability of training.

When submitted to the sea waves the buoy floats and moving upwards under the influence of a wave crest and moves downwards under the effect of a wave trough.

Assessment of exposure on a fixed moment will result in bias that exaggerates the effect downwards, showing a protective effect while actually it has no effect.

For example, if new hospitals were reluctant to locate near high quality providers, this would artificially show high quality providers to be operating within concentrated markets and bias our estimates of the treatment effect downwards.

Alternatively, if all our air pollution metrics are similarly associated with potential confounding factors that bias the results "upward" (i.e., toward observed increases in birth weight), the fact that no increase in birth weight is associated with traffic density or distance to main roads might mean that they indeed exert an effect "downwards" (i.e., generate decreases in birth weight).

The idea that everything good should radiate from the top downwards has had the effect of blunting popular pressure for widespread benefits.

The injected hot water is more likely to flow downwards under the gravity effect and be produced from the lower well, and hydrate dissociation is mainly stimulated by the heat conduction in the reactor.