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The two schemes provided a wide spreading of the secondary flow extensively over the outer surface, thus the lateral film cooling performance enhanced over the downstream surface area.
The results conducted that the hybrid schemes reduce the downstream boundary layer as the injection flow spreads close to the downstream surface due to the interior bending.
The accumulation of the negative charge on the downstream surface of the obstacle is largest at the position where the solar wind magnetic field is perpendicular to the surface.
Many displacements, concomitant with the transition from highest to lowest level, are measured on the downstream surface of the dam by radar instruments, which at present are promising innovations in dam engineering.
Current and future ecosystem management and decision-making rely on a solid scientific understanding of how hydrologic processes affect these important GIW services and functions, and in turn on how GIWs affect downstream surface water systems.
Time-history analysis was performed to simulate the seismic failure process of a gravity dam that was assumed to be reinforced at the locations of slope discontinuity at the downstream surface, part of the upstream face, and the dam heel.
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Rectangular and hemispherical vortex generator (VG) arrays were mounted on the downstream surfaces of a 25 mm St . Jude Medicalvalve adjacent to the b-datum leaflet edge (central line where the two leaflets touch in closed position).
The negative potential on the downstream side surface of the obstacle is asymmetric with respect to the x axis.
Downstream water surface elevations tested included backwater, uniform, accelerating, and critical conditions, which are naturally set by downstream riffle-crest morphology but may also be re-engineered artificially.
This study presents the methodology used to predict water volumes and water quality discharging downstream in surface water bodies.
The target contaminants diffuse through an extractive membrane and are metabolized by the active biofilm attached on the downstream membrane surface and microorganisms in the bioreactor.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com