For almost all downstream applications a substantial reduction of the tar concentration is required.
Alcoa, for instance, has substantial downstream manufacturing operations, including an aluminum foil business.
A BHP bid for Alcan makes sense because the aluminum operations of both companies would complement each other — Alcoa for instance has substantial downstream manufacturing operations, including an aluminum foil business.
The large number of enriched regions (peaks) suggests substantial downstream effects of EZH2 repression.
"Defensive" medicine practice is one factor underlying misutilization that can contribute substantial downstream costs including excess hospitalization [ 21].
Polymorphisms in coding regions, although observed less frequently, would likely generate more pronounced effects, and for signaling molecules, these could result in substantial downstream effects important for carcinogenesis due to a change in function of the protein.
Moreover, misutilization of laboratory testing can potentially result in substantial downstream effects including iatrogenic blood loss, patient angst, invasive procedures, follow-up testing, and unnecessary specialist referrals [ 3, 8, 16- 20].
This mechanism contrasts with the type of signal-transduction strategy I was used to thinking about from my graduate student days, such as those involving kinase cascades, which amplify the signal during intracellular transmission so that small extracellular differences result in substantial downstream differences in the signal.
Changes in regulations in downstream industries can have substantial impacts on the demand for chlorine and thereby affect the rate of entry and exit of chlorine production plants.
We have recently identified demyelination over a substantial distance downstream of an experimental nerve compression site (Schmid et al., 2013).
