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The paper describes the steady and unsteady performance characteristics of a small size turbocharger typically employed in automotive downsized engine applications.
That matches the horsepower of the Forte's departing 2.4-liter engine, and the new, downsized engine is smoother and more efficient: it is rated 24 miles per gallon in the city and 36 on the highway, versus a previous rating of 23/32.
In the simulation, the downsizing is implemented by reducing the combustion cylinder number from four to two, while a two stage boosting system is designed for the deeply downsized engine to ensure the wide-open-throttle (WOT) performance comparable to the original four cylinder engine.
For the WOT operation, even with the two-stage boosting system, at the engine speed below 1700 rpm the deeply downsized engine with the Miller cycle fails to deliver the torque comparable to the original engine, while the targeted WOT torque can be achieved with the five stroke cycle engine at all the engine speeds but 800 rpm.
Its 260g/km CO2 emissions – a core reason for strapping a pair of turbos to a downsized engine – represent a 15% drop over its forebear.
Starting in September 2010 and running for three years the project will utilise the partners expertise and collective skills in engineering, design, combustion modelling, pressure charging and fuels to develop a highly pressure charged downsized engine concept.
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It can be employed to suppress pre-ignition of highly boosted downsized engines or knocking combustion of naturally aspirated engines.
Nevertheless, for the specific case of downsized engines, hydrogen may also lead to increase the knock sensitivity.
Automakers downsized engines as they upped the technology, adding direct fuel injection, turbocharging or supercharging to replace less thrifty engines of more size and cylinders.
Today, though, American buyers shifting to smaller cars and lighter crossovers are discovering downsized engines strong enough to meet their needs.
Around the world, downsized engines are the linchpin of strategies to meet stricter fuel-economy and pollution rules, including limits on carbon-dioxide emissions.
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