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In Drosophila melanogaster, a strong excess of double exchanges was reported within a 4 cM segment of chromosome 3 spanning the centromere and accounting for 25%% of its cytological length [ 57].
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The stable ferromagnetic coupling is mediated by double exchange mechanism.
Such enhancement was useful to ferromagnetic double exchange, while harmful to antiferromagnetic super exchange.
In the above compounds, the magnetic interactions are well described from double exchange picture.
Okimoto, Y. et al. Anomalous variation of optical spectra with spin polarization in double exchange ferromagnet: La1−xSrxMnO3.
There were two apparent critical bond angles being formed among ferromagnetic double exchange, anti-ferromagnetic super-exchange, and ferromagnetic super-exchange.
Because the anti-ferromagnetic super-exchange interaction in Mn Se Mn direct bonds overcome the double exchange interaction caused by the mobile Mn 3d electrons and holes.
One is the system where Zener's double exchange mechanism dominates in the ferromagnetic interaction, and in the other systems Zener's p d exchange mechanism dominates.
Based on Zener's double exchange mechanism, hole concentration was increased to make the Fermi level just cross the middle of the impurity states in the gap.
This observation is due to the decrease in double exchange interaction between Mn3+ and Mn4+ ion and hence the ferromagnetic interaction with Co doping.
The ferromagnetism of the Fe-implanted InP samples is interpreted by double exchange of d-electrons in the impurity band and ferromagnetic clusters (InFe alloy, Fe or Fe3P).
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