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These results show that in contrast to the combined loss of BAX and BAK, double deficiencies in BOK and BAX, or BOK and BAK, do not cause more severe developmental abnormalities than those already observed in the respective single-knockout animals.
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Generation of TLR2/C3 double-deficient mice gave similar responses as TLR2-/ mice, excluding a synergistic effect of double deficiency and confirming no role for the alternative pathway component of the complement cascade (Fig. 4a).
Lush but confined, the mountains are a cushy prison, a Hotel California for apex predators, whose future is threatened by a double deficiency: not enough space for a group of lions with not enough genetic differences among them.
While individual germline deficiency of either Rap1a or Rap1b did not cause overt defects in mouse lens, conditional double deficiency (Rap1 cKO) prior to lens placode formation led to an ocular phenotype including microphthalmia and lens opacification in embryonic mice.
Indeed double deficiency in dVps4 and JNK signalling leads to the formation of neoplastic tumours.
Indeed, double deficiency of the ARS and CEN elements can explain the magnitude of Δgcn5 effect in Fig. 1.
Our study shows that double deficiency for DDM1 and heterochromatic siRNAs causes more decondensation of 5S rDNA than the ddm1 mutation alone.
Thus, the absence of a more profound consequence of the double deficiency is not unexpected given the primacy of p56Lck in positive regulation of TCR signaling.
While reduction in either dVps4 activity or JNK signalling does not cause overgrowth, double deficiency leads to the formation of neoplastic tumours.
These results indicate that Tcra and Relb double deficiency in non-hematopoietic cells does not impair the development of DN and DP thymocytes, the T-cell compartment targeted by TEL-JAK2 in leukemogenesis [25].
The fact that TANK1−/−.TANK2−/− double deficiency results in embryonic lethality in fact indicates that there is redundancy of these genes for one or more functions critical for viability, as discussed below, but complicates analysis of potentially redundant functions in telomere maintenance.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com