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Misonidazole reduced the antitumour activity of oral CCNU by dose modifying factors (DMF) of 0.58-0.71.
Maximum enhancement of CCNU response in the KHT sarcoma by 2.5 mmol kg-1 1902 or 0.3 mmol kg-1 BENZO occurred at low doses of CCNU where dose modifying factors (DMF) of 2.5-3.0 2.5-3.0-2.0 respectively were found.
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36B-10 glioma cells irradiated in vitro with or without L-HCTL and assayed for colony formingliomacellsdemonstrated a dose modirradiatedtor (DMF) of only 1.15 (+/- 0.16, SE).
Furthermore, the anti-ceramide antibody MAS0020, which binds ceramide on the cell surface[21], significantly inhibited DC101-induced apoptosis up to 1 µg/ml (Figure 2E; p<0.01), exhibiting a dose modifying factor within the range of 4 5, a large effect.
The term dose modifying factor (DMF) is used to express the effect of TPI and is calculated by (IC50+TPI /IC50.
The dose modifying factor is the relative reduction of the radiation dose at the level of TCD50 by combination therapy compared to irradiation only.
In these studies the dose modifying factor for electrochemotherapy with cisplatin was 1.6 [ 44] and for electrochemotherapy with bleomycin 1.9 [ 45].
In the occasional experiment where there was an apparent increase in response, the effect was only small (dose modifying factor less than 1.5).
Direct heat killing of about 1 decade was seen for 1 h at 43 degrees C. The anaesthetic Saffan also enhanced drug cell kill; the largest Dose Modifying Factor (2.7) was measured for Melphalan in the Lewis lung tumour.
The results of the present study therefore indicate that intratumoral mIl-12 gene electrotransfer is superior to intramuscular for local tumor control, since multiple intratumoral mIL-12 gene electrotransfer combined with irradiation resulted in 86.7% tumor cures, while the dose modifying factor of single intratumoral mIL-12 gene electrotransfer combined with irradiation was 2.16.
The result is also superior to the dose modifying factor that we obtained in our previous studies on an LPB sarcoma tumor model [ 44, 45], in which irradiation was combined with increased chemotherapeutic drug content in the tumors due to electrotransfer (electrochemotherapy) [ 46].
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