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Such clusters may have been shaped by domain shuffling events [ 87], domain breakage and fusion so that R-domain combinations such as LRR-NBS-PK-TIR and LRR-NBS-PK-WRKY might be the result of local shuffling and recombination events.
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The C-terminal GyrB domain (Toprim domain, residues 448 654) and the entire N-terminal GyrA domain (breakage-reunion domain, known as GyrA59 in E. coli, residues 1 502), hereafter named TopBK and GA57BK, respectively, were overproduced and purified.
A recent crystal structure of the central breakage reunion domain from yeast with DNA in a cleavage competent conformation has two metal ions present, but these are zinc not magnesium [20].
Subunit A consists of two domains, the N-terminal breakage-reunion domain and a carboxy-terminal domain, termed CTD.
The breakage-reunion domain contains the catalytic tyrosine responsible for the cleavage and religation of the DNA double helix.
The breakage-reunion domain binds a DNA segment termed the 'gate' or G-segment at the DNA-gate.
These aspects have focused attention on both DNA- and quinolone-recognition by the ParC DNA breakage-reunion domain.
The crystal structure of the breakage-reunion domain we solved to 2.7 Å resolution, revealed a promising interaction that will be further exploited for drug design.
Both structures confirm that the M. tuberculosis breakage-reunion domain has a compact closed conformation, especially at the level of the DNA-gate, whatever the crystal environment.
This quaternary complex is composed of the catalytic reaction core consisting of the breakage-reunion domain (GA57BK), the Toprim domain (TopBK), a 34-bp DNA duplex and one of the most promising fourth-generation fluoroquinolone, moxifloxacin.
The structure of GA57BK was determined by molecular replacement with AMoRe [46] implemented in CCP4 [47] using the breakage-reunion domain of the DNA gyrase from E. coli [36] (pdb accession code 1AB4) as a search model.
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