In this case, training a document embedding as a whole instead of summing up individual term embeddings may result in better document representations, and consequently better retrieval performance.
Therefore a standard measure of relevance, given a particular query term, is the tf idf (term frequency inverse document frequency) for the term, which increases (e.g., logarithmically) with the frequency of occurrences of the term in the document but is discounted to the extent that it occurs frequently in the set of documents as a whole.
In our study, we focus on two measures that an instructor could easily document in his/her own course: exam achievement and participation in whole-class discussions.
But why, in the absence of a single documented case, had a whole neighborhood in contemporary Manhattan collectively fixated on dog thievery?
The time spent to validate the document was chosen as response variable, i.e., the time necessary to examine the document (in whole or in part) and return control back to the programmer.
There have been documented bibliometric studies of research production in Africa, as a whole, as well as in other continents.
Similarly, large increases in wages were also documented in the whole economy and the two sectors, where wages grew at around 4%% on average per year.
K is given by (k_{1}((1-b)+b 1-b +brac{l}{avg_l})), in which l and (avg_l) denote the length of document d and the average length of documents in the whole collection, respectively.
Edmund Wilson claimed that "The Lives of the Poets and the prefaces and commentary on Shakespeare are among the most brilliant and the most acute documents in the whole range of English criticism".
