It is one of the most well documented differentiation processes of ES cells.
We osteoinduced DPSCs and acquired Raman spectra at regular time intervals throughout osteoinduction culture period to determine both technical feasibility and identify whether changes in the Raman spectra might be prejudicial to the well documented differentiation of DPSCs under these conditions.
Our results build on previous work that documents high differentiation among A. lyrata populations [24], [29], [64], [65], and points to central European populations as a center of diversity for A. lyrata ssp.
In a previous study investigating the genetic structure of peregrine falcon sampling locations across Canada, Brown et al. [35] documented no differentiation based on FST and Structure analyses between F. p. tundrius and anatum using samples collected prior to their population decline in the 1950s.
Studies of genetic integrity of seed lots have documented genetic differentiation, genetic contamination and mislabeling of improved varieties [ 21, 22].
Our study documents phenotypic differentiation among populations that have apparently experienced extensive gene flow, and in phenotypic features important in reproduction (e.g., male head crests).
Overall, this supports the hypothesis that natural selection between habitat types in the Cueva del Azufre system is so strong that even severe ecosystem disturbances do not lead to a breakdown of the documented population differentiation.
Numerous reports have documented the differentiation of ES cells into specific cell types, such as neurons [ 3], cardiomyocytes [ 4], adipocytes [ 5], endothelial cells [ 6], hepatocytes [ 7], keratinocytes [ 8], and pancreatic cells [ 9] under the appropriate culture conditions.
We have previously documented a differentiation-related switch in DNA methylation states between anterior (HOXA1-7) and posterior (HOXA9-13) HOXA genes [ 35].
We have not so far been able to document such a differentiation program [ 38].
