These findings have led researchers to hypothesize a hierarchical structure of creativity across disciplines [42], which echoes the notions of "paradigmatic" (i.e., a fundamental model of events) versus "revolutionary" (i.e., rejection of doctrines) approaches as applied to the sciences [44].
(The distinction between Academies was meant to signal changes in philosophical doctrine or approach, not changes in the school as an institution).
The pope's comments on homosexuals and women in the church were yet another sign of the different directions from which Benedict and Francis approach doctrine.
Later in antiquity, when different phases in the history of the Academy corresponding to changes in doctrine and philosophical approach were distinguished, some people spoke of a fourth Academy of Philo and a fifth of Antiochus (Sextus Empiricus [S.E.], Outlines, i.e., Pyrrhoneae hypotyposes [PH] 1.220).
In a recent paper Tillemans (2011) draws a useful distinction between two versions of the apoha doctrine: the top-down approach and the bottom-up approach.
Sandel's book is, in its calm way, an all-out assault on that idea, and on the influential doctrine that the economic approach to "utility maximisation" explains all human behaviour.
What's most interesting about them here is their installation, which changes every day according to Gysin's doctrine of "permutations" — an approach to art that also expressed itself as the Cut-Up Method of rearranging words and phrases in found texts.
The most genuinely Bergoglian section of the text is the discussion of the issue of a pastoral approach to doctrine and the law.
(OH personnel) Decision makers approached this doctrine primarily within the OHS multiple change.
However, decision makers also approached this doctrine through internal development of OH, productisation, and cost-effectiveness.
