Its doctrinal office ordered his dismissal on Oct. 4, but Mr. Bourgeois, who said he believed he was in the midst of negotiations with his superiors, did not learn about it until Monday.
The news came after a meeting in the Vatican on Monday between the heads of the nuns' group, the Leadership Conference of Women Religious; Archbishop Gerhard Ludwig Müller, the head of the Vatican's doctrinal office, which ordered the crackdown one year ago; and Archbishop J. Peter Sartain of Seattle, who was appointed last year to oversee the five-year process.
Pope Paul ordered the Doctrinal Congregation to summon Father Küng to Rome for a talk about his book.
The Vatican ordered a "doctrinal assessment" of the women's leadership conference in 2008 after years of concerns about its direction.
It defined the mass as a true sacrifice; issued doctrinal statements on holy orders, matrimony, purgatory, indulgences, and the veneration of saints, images, and relics; and enacted reform decrees on clerical morals and the establishment of seminaries.
The then Rahbar, Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, reluctantly reversed his previous, doctrinal ban on indiscriminate weaponry and ordered the resumption of research into its development, including nuclear bombs.
In addition, his works often state doctrinal positions and arguments with which he disagrees, in order to refute them.
The Faith and Order movement, which originated in the United States, confronted the doctrinal divisions and sought to overcome them.
Bucer was not so concerned about staking a doctrinal claim per se, but rather he took a standpoint in order to discuss and to win over his opponents.
The benefit for Buridan was that it freed him from the obligation to enter into the doctrinal disputes that had begun to arise, with alarming frequency and intensity, between religious orders, or between an order and the church hierarchy e.g., the dispute between the papacy and the Franciscans over apostolic poverty.
