The Reform movement's doctrinal declarations, such as the Pittsburgh Platform (1885), have been without lasting influence.
Are Ben and Jerry God? It's a secular, free-range, pesticide-free grass-roots movement, but its doctrinal debates over nuances of social virtue are enough to exhaust a whole star chamber of medieval cardinals.
In the 1980s, Benedict, as Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger, the head of the Vatican's doctrinal office, led a campaign to rein in the movement, which he saw as too closely tied to some Marxist political elements.
Macdonald was an unlikely recruit to a political movement notoriously obsessed with doctrinal correctness.
Mr. bin Laden has tried to bridge divisions in a movement long plagued by doctrinal, ethnic and geographic differences.
Although his long-term doctrinal influence on the Latter Day Saint movement was minimal, several early members of Strang's organization helped to establish the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, which became (and remains) the second-largest Mormon sect.
Many Islamic movements are elitist, often arguing over doctrinal differences, said Arif Zaman, a member of the group and a professor in statistics with a postgraduate degree from Stanford University.
Christian theology as classically understood – the systematic development of the classical doctrinal topics – is relatively recent and rare among this movement.
In the face of secularism, believers make common cause, rather than emphasising doctrinal differences.
The Faith and Order movement, which originated in the United States, confronted the doctrinal divisions and sought to overcome them.
