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For instance, it has been shown in the past that the antibodies against the synthetic peptides and short recombinant proteins of approximately 100 amino acids of hepatitis E virus (HEV) do not neutralize, suggesting that the HEV neutralization epitope(s) is conformation dependent [ 25].
Although some lab strains (e.g. MN) or extensively in-vitro cultured isolates (e.g SF162) are sensitive to neutralization by mAbs, many of these antibodies do not neutralize HIV-1 primary isolates when tested in cross sectional studies.
Antibodies elicited by peptides from one isolate do not neutralize two different isolates, and a hybrid peptide, consisting of amino acid sequences from two isolates, elicits neutralizing antibodies to both isolates.
Although a small number of infected individuals elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies, the bulk of the humoral response consists of antibodies that do not neutralize or do so with limited breadth but may effect protection through Fc receptor-dependent processes, such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC).
Second, we replaced the immunodominant loop region with an 8-mer (GGGKLGGG) linker, since the loop region mainly elicits cluster I antibodies [43], which do not neutralize, but rather enhance, HIV-1 infection [44].
The neuraminidase containing MVA viruses were partially protective and neuraminidase-inhibiting antibodies were detectable, consistent with earlier findings indicating that anti-NA antibodies do not neutralize influenza virus but interfere with virus release from the host cells resulting in reduction of titers [29].
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They don't neutralize the braying banalities of Bluetooth blowhards, nor can they prevent thumping bass lines from leaking into public places, much to everyone's (my) annoyance.
If you don't act with integrity at work your good deeds elsewhere don't neutralize the evil you are perpetrating in a world that already has too much evil in it.
To prove it, the team will have to verify that antibodies against the virus don't neutralize the 24 known serotypes and vice versa, Hofmann says; that has been impossible so far because the virus won't grow in cultured cells.
UJ: In a September 2014 commentary you wrote with your brother about racism in Canada, you noted that "...good manners don't neutralize the racism and discrimination that exist here, too.
Information is sparse on the evolution of sensitivity to neutralization of HIV-1 primary isolates by antibodies that either do or don't neutralize viruses tested in cross sectional studies.
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