Corresponding secondary antibodies were used; gt-a-m-HRP (Pierce, IL), gt-a-rbt-HRP (Pierce), or dnk-a-gt-HRP (Jackson, PA) at 1∶10K and blots resolved by ECL (Supersignal Pico, Pierce) and imaged on Flurochem HD documentation system (Alpha Innotech, CA).
The aim of this research was to evaluate density of decidual natural killer cells (dNK, CD56+bright) in decidua basalis in patients with placenta accreta.
Similar to dNK and in agreement with previous reports (Table 1), CD56bright eNK are uniformly positive for NKG2D and NKp46, uniformly negative for NKp44, mostly positive for NKG2A and a substantial proportion express KIR [ 35– 35].
Thus, using these phenotypic markers, eNK are identical to dNK cells.
These data were compared with records of children living in the territory of Novotroitskoye in the DNK region, an environmentally neutral region that served as a control, where the medical and health facilities are located.
To investigate whether the expression of Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) in decidual natural killer (dNK) cells plays a role in the pathogenesis of unexplained recurrent spontaneous miscarriage (URS M.
dNK cells express a diverse set of inhibitory receptors known to recognize MHC class I molecules [15].
Although dNK cells express a variety of these receptors, only two receptors are relevant in the context of HLA-G recognition by NK cells; KIR2DL4 and LIR-1 [26], [27], [28], [29], [29].
dNK cells produce a number of soluble factors such as cytokines, growth factors and pro-and anti-angiogenic proteins, in contrast to peripheral blood NK cells, which have a more cytotoxic role in defence (Santoni et al., 2007).
CD161 (NKRP1) was expressed by all eNK but at a reduced level by dNK, while CD69, which is a marker of activation, was expressed at a lower level by eNK than dNK.
The immune cells of the decidua are composed of a high number of natural killer (dNK) cells (which have a different phenotype and functions than their blood counterparts), antigen presenting cells (dAPCs), some regulatory T lymphocytes and a very small percentage of other innate immunity cells such as NKT cells or γδ T lymphocytes [12].
