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Because of the lack of polymorphism at DNA level, this crop has lagged behind in genetic mapping, marker-assisted selection, resistance gene cloning, and crop evolutionary study compared with other crops.
As epigenetic editing targets a gene directly at the DNA level, this targeting of generally two copies of DNA offers advantages over targeting multiple copies of or different isoforms of proteins or RNA.
Similar to alternative splicing and exon shuffling––but at the DNA level, this phenomenon that David Prescott called "MDS shuffling" could contribute to the creation of novel genes (Prescott 1999; Katz and Kovner 2010; Chen et al. 2014).
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They were genetically similar to O. meridionalis at the nuclear DNA level, even though this species is known to be an annual, and the collected accessions were all perennial.
Analysis of phiCbK 76 at the DNA level suggests that this gene has undergone expansion by tandem duplications in its N-terminal half.
As allelic imbalance (AI) at the DNA level was not detected in this sample, this suggested that the strong expression seen was a consequence of upregulation of one chromosomal allele in the tumour.
Above this DNA level, reactions become unreliable (data not shown).
We compared the plasma DNA levels of this subgroup to the rest of the study patients by the Mann-Whitney test.
Our results do not show a higher total HIV-1 DNA levels in this compartment in both early and late ART-treated patients than in LTNPs.
A cut-off level of 4000 copies/ml was chosen to define low and high EBV DNA levels because this threshold has previously been shown to be prognostic in NPC patients using the same measurement system [ 10, 29].
This allowed us not only to study the impact of ART on HIV-1 DNA levels in this cohort (which has been reported in different cohorts [ Siliciano et al., 2003; Chun et al., 2007]), but also to characterise what happens on stopping therapy after treatment initiated during PHI.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com