Exact(5)
Mitochondrial DNA can activate polymorphonuclear neutrophils through CpG/TLR9 interactions in sterile systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) associated with acute trauma (Zhang et al., 2010).
Mitochondrial DNA can activate TLR9 and stimulate neutrophil migration and degranulation [ 28].
Before DNA can activate TLR9 or RNA activate TLR7 and TLR8, they must enter the proper intracellular compartment.
In conditions where self-DNA is not cleared from the extracellular compartment, it is likely that DNA can activate AIM2 and drive inflammation.
However, recent studies from our laboratory [ 20] as well as from others [ 21- 23] suggest that DNA can activate DCs if delivered in vitro inside the cell through either transfection or via immune complexes.
Similar(3)
DNA damage can activate survival mediator Akt, resulting in reducing the anticancer efficacy of DNA-damaging drugs.
DNA damage can activate the oncosuppressor protein ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), which phosphorylates the histone H2AX within characteristic DNA damage foci.
Regulation of transcription is performed by a myriad of cis-regulatory elements, including enhancers, promoters, silencers and insulators, and fulfilled mainly by enhancers, which are portions of DNA that can activate transcription regardless of their location, distance or orientation relative to the promoters of genes by binding a variety of transcription factors (Ong and Corces 2011).
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