To clarify the current situation and to provide a reference point, this survey requested information on the airway management training programs available in each ED, including anesthesiology rotation, DAM simulation training, didactic DAM lecture, and surgical airway training using a simulator, an animal model, a cadaver, etc.
This paper first introduces the methodology of the cascading dam breach simulation, emphasizing modifications to the DABA model.
Three representative numerical examples, including a Rayleigh–Taylor instability test, a non-Boussinesq problem and a dam breaking simulation, are presented and compared with analytical results or experimental data.
A validation shows that we recover hydrostatic equilibrium conditions in a static tank, and a comparison of the classical dam break simulation with state-of-the-art results in literature shows good agreement.
Results from the dam-break experiment simulations demonstrate the model's ability to simulate wetting and drying.
Another main difficulty usually arising from the simulation of dam breaks and flood waves flows is the appearance of dry areas where no water is present.
The method is easy to use, and examples will be given of its application to a breaking dam, a bore, the simulation of a wave maker, and the propagation of waves towards a beach.
A tsunami-like wave is generated by the dam break method and simulation of the flow field is done by solving RANS equations in the open-source CFD toolbox, OpenFOAM.
Finally, the formulation is applied to problems of interest for dam engineering, namely the simulation of reservoir bank response to rapid drawdown and a three-dimensional study of concrete gravity dam interaction with foundation and abutment rock masses during reservoir operation.
In simulation, different dam-break durations, upstream flows and water levels in front of dam were considered, and these influencing factors of dam break flow were analyzed, which could be referenced in planning and designing hydropower stations.
High-performance calculations are of great importance to the simulation of dam-break events, as discontinuous solutions and accelerated speed are key factors in the process of dam-break flow modeling.
