The phylogeny of the cable bacteria suggests that this mode of life has evolved once within the Desulfobulbaceae; subsequently, the cable bacteria diversified into a freshwater and a marine group.
The phyletic and domain-architecture distributions show that the SLBB superfamily is well-represented and has diversified across the entire bacteria superkingdom.
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When coevolving with phage, bacteria diversify to form a set of distinct strains distributed symmetrically around the peak.
This creates diversifying selection on bacteria that leads to branching of the population into distinct clusters (hereafter strains) separated in genetic space by intervening regions in which mutants are susceptible to multiple phage strains and thus maladaptive.
On the multiple-peak landscape, bacteria diversify to form a fitness-neutral distribution in which most strains experience negligible selective gradients and do not adapt significantly once they arise.
Since this ancestral time, two forms of life have co-developed [6]; cells that are ribosome-encoding organisms (REOs), diversified in three domains (Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya), and capsid-encoding organisms (CEOs) (bona fide viruses, parasites of the REOs).
These results are consistent with the earlier observation that LexA target genes in bacteria are highly diversified in order for them to adapt to different ecological niches [ 5, 6].
We also show that the CDC123 family emerged first in bacteria where it appears to have diversified along with the two other families of the R2K clade.
Importantly, we show that the CDC123 family had its origins in bacteria where it appears to have diversified first along with the two other families of the R2K clade.
Using populations of the bacterium Escherichia coli that have adaptively diversified into ecotypes exploiting different carbon resources, we show that when interspecific competition is relaxed, phenotypic distributions converge.
