First, MEDUSA does not implement diversification models in which the extinction rate can be higher than speciation rates.
Traits related to different niche axes are expected to follow different evolutionary trajectories that may reflect different selection pressures, genetic constraints or stages of diversification determining the order in which the different ecological axes are partitioned during species divergence [ 2].
This paper introduces a more realistic selection model, in which the diversification choice and the entry mode choice are made sequentially, and are therefore related.
In particular, it perceives diversification as a continuous query, in which the k most diverse results need to be evaluated for each sliding window over the data stream.
In particular, the general additive model (GAM) analyses show a highly significant temporal variation in rate (χ2 = 40.15, df = 9, P < 0.001, adjusted R2 = 45.8%, deviance explained = 12.8%) with a model in which the diversification rates trends receiving more support than one in which it steps suddenly (evidence weights = 0.9931 and 0.0069, respectively).
A shift in net diversification rate took place 2.05 mya in which the rate shifts dramatically to 0.96 speciation events per million years.
Therefore, lipoproteins seem to be a class of proteins in which the chlamydial diversification from all other bacteria is particularly pronounced.
Furthermore, a number of gene families function in immunity in which the mechanisms of diversification have not been investigated, such as the variable region-containing chitin-binding proteins (VCBPs) in protochordates [ 12- 14].
The demise of apartheid ushered in a new era of diversification in which South African companies became multinational -- listed on the London and the New York Stock Exchanges (not a good thing, the trade union movement has argued in South Africa, but that is a debate for another time) -- and are generally doing well.
So, we assume that the economy is always in one of the two other possible scenarios in which τ matters: either close to a steady state in which the economy specializes in the production of primary goods, or close to a steady state in which there is diversification of production and the country exports primary goods.
