Furthermore, expansion of larval dietary repertoire might have aided net diversification in the two largest genera in the clade, Forsterinaria and Taygetis.
Similarly, in NSW, major breaks occur between southern and northern populations in taxa such as Egernia whitii [26], the Litoria citropa group [27], Oedura lesueurii [28], Tympanocryptis spp [4], Bassiana platynota (current study), Crinia signifera [24], and Limnodynastes spp. [25] with a plausible Miocene and Pliocene diversification in the five latter taxa.
The similarity of patterns between Banksia and Protea suggests a possible common mechanism driving diversification in the two genera.
Nuclear data suggest that the initial diversification of crown Crenadactylus occurred in the late Oligocene to early Miocene 10-300 million years ago (mya)), and that it is probably slightly younger, but nonetheless broadly concurrent with diversification in the other three major Australian clades of Pygopodoidea (Table 3).
Analysis of the timing of diversification in these two regions supports the hypothesis of introgression moving regulatory modules between species, rather than shared ancestral variation.
The study of the immunoglobulin variable region heavy chain repertoire by high-throughput sequencing revealed that B-cell clones were shared between CNS, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood of MS patients, with clonal diversifications occurring in the three compartments.
Additional diversification occurred in the two areas that encompass the depression of the Balsas river (Balsas East and Balsas West), and at a lesser extent, in the Oaxaca region.
A third explanation is that the host CD8+ T- cell response is not the major factor responsible for selection of diversification in these two proteins in T. parva.
Differences in methodologies used for quantification of the three different niche components could conceivably contribute to variability among species and translate into differences in diversification among the three niche components.
The clearest example of Wolbachia inducing diversification is described in the three parasitic wasps of Nasonia species.
