Sentence examples for diversification in the absence of from inspiring English sources

Our data reveal that uracil excision by endogenous SMUG1 contributes to antibody diversification in the absence of UNG, and place uracil excision upstream of the MSH2 pathway.

The high topographical complexity of areas where core ruschioid richness is high, such as the Richtersveld Mountains, could have provided ecological opportunities that are known to drive diversification in the absence of novel traits (Hughes & Eastwood, 2006).

Nevertheless, the Andean foothills provide the sharp change in ecotone assumed by the gradient hypothesis, a feature that has been used to explain why the region is a hotspot for diversification in the absence of geographic barriers [ 49].

By enabling functional diversification and optimization in the absence of detailed mechanistic understanding, directed evolution is a powerful complement to 'rational' engineering approaches.

Nevertheless, substantial diversification still occurs in the absence of UNG, with UNG‐deficient mice showing normal levels of IgG1 in their serum despite very inefficient switching in vitro, pointing at the existence of a second pathway.

Frequent genomic rearrangements, gene conversion and HGTs likely contribute to diversification and homogenization in the absence of sex, thereby revealing that sexual reproduction is not required for evolutionary success and persistence [ 15].

Ecological speciation describes a process of diversification that can occur in the absence of extrinsic barriers, and has therefore been proposed as an alternative to allopatric speciation in the tropical marine realm [13].

These findings emphasize the potential capacity of prion diversification during propagation, even in the absence of any species barrier, and represent an experimental demonstration of the capability of an atypical, presumably sporadic, bovine prion to acquire C-like properties during propagation in a homologous bovine PrP context.

Alternatively, the lack of antigenic diversification resulting from the absence of recombination may have contributed to the genotype's fall in prevalence.

This would however imply duplications of viral lineages in the absence of host diversification, which we consider to be unlikely.

For example, natural enemies retarded the diversification of microbial systems whose diversity was high in the absence of the enemy by reducing population size (Morgan and Buckling 2004; Meyer and Kassen 2007).